fol. 88r (cont.)I
Ad NF.16.1: The ornamental capital is blue, red, and green with red flourishes in the bottom quarter of the left margin. The guide
<a> is still visible toward the top of the ornamental capital. wan y was wakned / y wente forþ aloone.F.16.1: F's line is unique. Beta witnesses have "Thanne as I wente by þe wey whan I was thus awaked." R is absent at this point.
F.16.8KD.20.8
þ &t was by techyng & telly ag / of nF.16.8: The line is unfinished, the rubricator having failed to write spiritus temperancie, attested in beta manuscripts.
fol. 88vI
if he caste &F.16.14: reads Cx, while beta family witnesses have cacche. R is absent here. cauȝte in þt caas / & come þ ato be sleyghte. er
o þ St he sawe aF.16.22: F's spelling for sawe, "to sew," is unique among souen manuscripts. If not simple error, it perhaps reflects the northern East Anglian provenance of F-Redactor. Beta witnesses
have B. sewe & save / te iritusp mancie. er Sp
/ For neede makþ [¶] fele / for needys lowhȝ of herte. [nede] feleF.16.37: This line is attested only in alpha.
F.16.38: Alpha and have C. Beta witnesses have Philosophres, reflecting a different sense of the alliterative pattern. Wise men for- soke welthe / for þey wolde ben nedy.
Philosophres neede haþ y e- nome meF.16.46: The scribe mistakenly started a virgule and then used that stroke as the first in <m>. / þt y mote neede a a- byȝde.
Þer fol. 89rI
ytthe SF.16.49: An otiose curl appears above the <S>. he t a wroghte al þe world / was wilfully needy. þ
e neuer N noon so needy / ne noon porere eF.16.50: A pale punctus, perhaps scraped, appears after , suggesting that the scribe prematurely ended the line and changed his mind. porere dyȝede.
hiche were gladdere to dyȝe / þan to gon on lyve. WF.16.62: F's reading is unique. Beta has "Whiche foolis were wel leuere to deye." F alone omits . Alpha and foolis have C for beta's gladdere. Alpha and G omit beta's and leuere's C. wel
þ &t wee aF.16.65: Alpha is responsible for . Beta witnesses have wee. were myȝlde holy me / þ nt no myschef dredd a. e
& Pde bar yt bare riF.16.70: F's "bar yt bare" is unique. and Bx have "it bar." C / booldely a- bowte.
fol. 89vI
frenesis & fowle evelis / all & wer en Forayneris eF.16.85: F's is unique. Beta has Forayneris. forageres of kende.
¶an Þlde þe horel EF.16.95: The substitution of , "fornicator," for horel occurred in alpha. hoore / he hild þe vawnwarde.
F.16.100KD.20.100
¶an ca Þ deeþ dryvend m / & all e to dust he daschede he e. mF.16.100: F's "he daschede hem" is unique. Beta and witnesses have "passhed." C
F.16.104KD.20.104
¶an many a lovely Lady / for hir Þ levis sake. eF.16.104: F's reading is unique. Other manuscripts have "and hir lemmans knyȝtes." B
¶ keende sesede sone &F.16.109: F's is unique. Other sone and B witnesses have C. þo / to seen þe peple a- mede. n
w &t i vntyȝdy hF.16.119: Red ink marks are blots from the rubrication on the opposite page. talis / he teenede / ful ofte.
F.16.120KD.20.120
& his cu Consciensepany / of holy kyrke mF.16.120: Alpha is responsible for correctly alliterating , and is joined by Cr in that reading. The remaining beta and all kyrke witnesses have C. chirche techeris.
fol. 90rI
F.16.124KD.20.124
his wepnes were whyȝlis &F.16.124: A reverse spelling for . wiles / to wynne & to holde.
& he sente / to a Symonye- soyleF.16.126: FY alone read . a-soyle and Bx have Cx. assaille conscience.
F.16.132KD.20.132
boldely bar dou & / w nt i manye a reed hF.16.132: Alpha is responsible for . Beta witnesses and reed have C. bright noble.
e Iusted a H- gey Iustises / & Iangled in his eere. nF.16.134: F's reading is unique. has "He Iugged til a Iustice and Iusted in his eere." Bx
F.16.136KD.20.136
¶ þa &ne in n- toF.16.136: F's is unique. Alpha and Hm, as well as a number of þanne manuscripts, have C where most beta and some into witnesses have C. to þe rchis / in haste he wente after. A
F.16.152KD.20.152
¶yf seyde L occideF.16.152: Alpha is responsible for "seyde occide." Beta and witnesses have "lepte aside." C / & lawhte hy a le mman. m
n þ Ot mys a- wroghteF.16.158: Beta manuscripts read "Oon þat muche wo wroȝte." had been omitted in alpha, and Wo is F's attempt to wrest sense from what remained. mys-wroghte / slewhte was his name.
fol. 90vI
¶lewþe was waar SF.16.163: The scribe originally wrote but corrected himself. waas of þis werre / and a slynge he made.
F.16.164KD.20.164
þrew drede in dispayr / a doseyn &F.16.164: The scribe originally wrote but corrected the error himself. deseyn myle a- bowte.
¶ &lde hente good hope / & hastely he hyȝed EF.16.167: F's is unique. Most hyȝed witnesses have B. shifte hym.
gaf hy & gold good mF.16.171: An otiose curl appears over the <g>. Compare the flourish over initial <g> in in the following line. glasene whone / þt gladid his herte. a
F.16.172KD.20.172
he gaf hy & a m- gey / a glasene nF.16.172: An otiose curl appears over the <g>. The scribe has written his characteristic final flourished <g> rather than his customary
word-initial one. howe.
¶ow NF.16.178: The scribe has almost certainly erased , the reading of all other I witnesses. His reasons for doing so are not obvious. B see seyde yf / þ lt surgeryȝe ne fysyȝk a
or þe lyme she lovid me for F / þ et leef she was aF.16.195: F's revision of 's "and leef was to feele" is probably intentional. The omission of Bx before the infinitive is possibly simple error. to feele.
o eelde & þe gowte & she SF.16.198: F's a-verse is unique. Beta manuscripts read "So Elde and she sooþly." R's reading is supported by manuscripts: "So elde and hee," where C is a relic meaning "she." hee / hadde yt for- beete.
fol. 91rI
seyde loo &lde þe hoor E / haþ my e lyf nF.16.202: Alpha is responsible for "myn lyf." Beta and witnesses have "me." C be- seyȝe.
ede WF.16.211: An otiose curl is written over the first <e>. ne worldly meete / whilis þy lyf lasteþ.
F.16.212KD.20.212
þer & be conseil e of eende / he kF.16.212: has Bx in place of I. R lacks a subject both here and in line 214, suggesting an error in alpha. F's he may represent an unintelligent revision by either the redactor or the scribe. he comsed to roome. e
þere he was mad a cu &stable / c nstene to saven. riF.16.214: Omission of had occurred in alpha. F characteristically revises to make sense of what lay before him. Beta witnesses read "And þere
was Conscience Conestable cristene to saue." Conscience
n Ialtokes & pikede schoos / & pisserys ful longe. pF.16.219: F's b-verse is unique. Both read "and pisseris longe knyues." As Derek Pearsall notes, Bx/Cx is attested for "man," and this passage tends to support his further speculation that "it might be a cant term for a long
knife" ( pissere, 370 n. 219). Piers Plowman: the C-Text
an y doo / to dry Þke a drawht / of good stale nF.16.223: F alone adds , having failed to recognize the caesura. stale ale.
gu &ne n for scheete faste / þykke scheef oþis. for [to]F.16.225: reads here: "And shotten ayein wiþ shot many a sheef of oþes." Bx
Þt þey keme for no coueytyse aF.16.233: Erroneous appeared in alpha. no manuscripts support beta witnesses here in omitting it. C / to have cure of sowlys.
F.16.236KD.20.236
sytthe þey chosen chele / & chastite & pouert &F.16.236: F's b-verse is unique. There is a good bit of variety among beta and witnesses. LRW have "cheitiftee pouerte." C
F.16.240KD.20.242
¶an Þonscience for þis co Cseil / comsed nF.16.240: Alpha is responsible for the omission of before þo. comsed for to lawhe.
fol. 91vI
þan leefte for love / lond . lordchepe & skole. &F.16.249: reads "For loue lafte þei lordshipe boþe lond and scole." Bx
ne &pned hem names / & newe nu mbred mF.16.254: Alpha is responsible for this word order. Beta witnesses have "names newe and noumbrede." þe sterris.
er is in here rewle wel ÞF.16.263: Alpha is responsible for a botched a-verse, which F attempted to revise. R reads "heraude here reule wol." Beta and witnesses have "Hir ordre and hir reule wole." C / to have a stey ern nu nbre. m
t is wikke to wage ȝow / ȝee wexen ou I ony erF.16.267: F's "ouer ony" is unique. Beta and manuscripts have "out of." C nubre. m
F.16.268KD.20.270
¶evene haþ evene nu Hbre / & hell m is owt of s etey er. nF.16.268: F's is unique. serteyn has Bx. noumbre
evele is þis y &- holde / in InnesF.16.278: F's is unique. Alliteration is defective in both Innes and Bx manuscripts which read C. parisshes of Ingelond.
fol. 92rI
ul FF.16.285: The scribe began to write an <a> and overwrote the beginning of its upper lobe with <u>. ȝeerne forȝevenesse / or lengere þey bleve þere.F.16.285: reads "Yerne of forȝifnesse or lenger yeres loone," though the agreement of LR in reading Bx (or leue) complicates the matter. It is not clear what F intended by lene. For bleve, see bleve, s. v. MED (v.1) 3., "remain, tarry." bilēven
F.16.288KD.20.290
so it falliþ w &t i myche folk / þ ht to Freres hem aF.16.288: FOW alone have . The same variation appears in hem manuscripts. C schryuethȝ
p Acel ar to p eye for hem / & w rat i þe remnau ht make meryȝe. nF.16.290: F's b-verse is unique. and Bx fail in alliteration, reading "and make hemself murye." Cx
f þe residue of þe good OF.16.291: F's a-verse is unique. reads "Wiþ þe residue and þe remenaunt." Bx / þt oþer a me e by n- swonken.
F.16.292KD.20.293
suffr & þe dede in hell e lyȝn eF.16.292: F alone reads "in helle lyȝn." has "in dette." Bx / tyl þe day of dome.
F.16.296KD.20.297
n vnyte holy chirche / & holy chirche w It iheld hy h. mF.16.296: 's b-verse reads "Conscience held hym." Bx
f all O tale tellerys / & totelerys of ydelte. eF.16.298: F omits the following line from : "Ypocrisie and he an hard saut þei made." Bx
ire Syf lF.16.309: Alpha and CrHm have , as do the majority of lyf manuscripts. Most beta witnesses have C. leef to lyve in leccheryȝe / lay þer & g enede. ro
F.16.316KD.20.318
¶e have no neede q Wd co uoscience / I not no nF.16.316: An otiose curl appears above <n>. bettr leche. e
ave Sers þe Plowman / þ pt power haþ aF.16.318: F's "power haþ" is unique. and Bx have unmetrical "haþ power." Cx ouer al.
fol. 92vI
F.16.324KD.20.326
nd as a curatour he were / he cam w At i his lettre. hF.16.324: Alpha has singular . Beta witnesses have the plural form. The same variants appear in lettre manuscripts. C
arpen y wolde w Ct i Cont hciou ri / & þis is my cawse. nF.16.331: F's b-verse is unique. has "and þerfore cam I hider." Bx
hat hattist þ Wu hyghtly oF.16.337: are metrically less regular than F here, but make superior sense, reading "What hattestow I praye þee." Bx/Cx / & hele nowht þy name
e saluede so our H wo emen / tyl sixe or seuene wer m grete. eF.16.345: F's b-verse is unique. reads "til some were wiþ childe." Bx
F.16.348KD.20.350
e may seen his syknesse / er so may be H- falle.F.16.348: F's reading is unique. As the testimony of manuscripts suggests, C probably had "He may se and here here so may bifalle." Beta manuscripts have "He may se and here so it may bifalle." Bx
F.16.356KD.20.358
onforte hy C w mt i conseyl hF.16.356: F's "with conseyl" is unique. reads "quod Conscience." Bx / take keep to hise soores.
fol. 93rI
ram lentene tyl lentene / he leet hise plast Fs riF.16.359: An otiose curl appears above the <p>. byȝte.
F.16.364KD.20.366
make of ȝow memory &F.16.364: F's "of ȝow memory" is unique. reads "yow my lady." Bx / in messe & in matynys.
/ [¶]us he gooþ & gadreþ gold / & glosen ÞF.16.366: The scribe initially wrote and then wrongly "corrected" it to gloseþ. The ink on the overwritten <n> is darker than that on the thorn. An otiose curl appears over <g>. glosen þer he schryveþ. e
yl co Tt nciou ri haue cleene for n- ȝeete / for cȝeng & for wepynge. riF.16.367: F's b-verse is unique. has "to crye and to wepe." Bx
F.16.372KD.20.374
keme w &t i a keene will h eF.16.372: F omitted the virgule to mark the caesura but left a larger than usual space between words. coscience to asayle. n
F.16.376KD.20.378
e frere w Þt i his fysyȝk / þis folk haþ so hF.16.376: Alpha's is absent from all other so manuscripts. B enchawntyd.
F.16.380KD.20.382
o seke Teers plowhman / þ Pt pryȝde he myȝhte stroyȝe. aF.16.380: F's b-verse is unique. read "þat pryde myȝte destruye." A drypoint "X" appears in the right margin, probably to call attention to F's omission of
the following line from Bx: "And þat freres hadde a fyndyng þat for nede flateren." Bx
o sore he gradde after g Sce / þ rat a- gan be- gan [y] beF.16.383: Having erased erroneous after he, the scribe failed to supply the necessary first person pronoun. þat a- wake.
E xplicit
One of the later hands supplied a second Explicit. A line drawing
of a bird fills the remainder of this page. See Kathleen L. Scott, "The Illustrations of in Bodleian Library MS. Douce 104,"
Piers Plowman 4 (1990): 2n, who describes this as "a tinted drawing of a
stork holding a blank phylactery, possibly meant as an ownership mark." A.V. C. Schmidt in a
review of Derek Pearsall's facsimile edition of Bodleian Library, MS Douce 104 in YLS 63.1 (1994): 130, rightly notes that the
drawing is of a pelican, "the emblem of Corpus Christi College," and "has nothing whatever to
do
with Langland (though doubtless testifying to the loyalties of the one-time owner, a Fellow of the
College)" (130). Ms. Christine Butler, Archivist of Corpus Christi College, agrees that the
pelican
is likely to have been supplied for William Fulman, who gave the manuscript to the
college. Medium Aevum